Here is a picture of two Russian Orthodox crosses I've carved in linden wood. They are the same except for size.
The cross says in Slavonic, "King of Glory" at the top. Below that it says "Son of God." IC XC are Greek abbreviations
for Jesus Christ. NIKA is often seen with IC XC and together they mean "Christ is victorious." On the lower part of the cross,
you'll see Slavonic letters that look like MLRB, these indicate the phrase "The Place of the skull has become paridise." Many
times letters that look like "r" and "a" are shown with a skull at the bottom, this represents the skull of Adam. Many
times you'll also see letters that look like "k t r r" these indicate the sponge and spear and the Mount of Golgotha.
All this work is done by hand. How do you make something like this? Start with a pattern and rough out the design. Carve
all the background down to the same depth. The fun part is the detail carving done with tiny chisels. All in all it took me
about 8 hours of carving for each one.